National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level I (NCAC I) Practice Exam

Which of the following medications is known to reduce cravings in abstinent individuals with alcohol use disorders?

1. Disulfiram

2. Naltrexone

3. Acamprosate

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

The correct answer indicates that all the listed medications—Disulfiram, Naltrexone, and Acamprosate—are known to play a role in the treatment of alcohol use disorders and can help reduce cravings in abstinent individuals. Disulfiram works by inhibiting the enzyme that metabolizes alcohol, leading to unpleasant reactions if alcohol is consumed. While its primary role is deterrence, it can indirectly support cravings reduction as it helps to reinforce the negative consequences of drinking. Naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, directly targets the brain’s reward system by reducing the pleasurable sensations associated with alcohol consumption. This action can effectively decrease the desire to drink, making it a crucial medication for managing cravings. Acamprosate helps restore the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain that may be disrupted by chronic alcohol use. It is particularly effective in maintaining abstinence and reducing drinking during relapse, as it can alleviate withdrawal symptoms and cravings. In summary, each of these medications plays a unique role in treating alcohol use disorders by addressing cravings and supporting long-term sobriety, confirming that all of them contribute to reducing cravings in abstinent individuals.