National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level I (NCAC I) Practice Exam

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Prepare for the National Certified Addiction Counselor, Level I (NCAC I) Exam with comprehensive flashcards and multiple choice questions. Each question comes with detailed explanations and hints. Get ready for your NCAC I certification!

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Which neurotransmitter is most affected by ethanol (ETOH)?

Dopamine
GABA
Norepinephrine
Glutamate

The correct answer is: GABA

Ethanol, or alcohol, significantly influences the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). This neurotransmitter is primarily inhibitory, meaning it reduces neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. When ethanol is consumed, it enhances the effects of GABA at its receptors, leading to increased inhibitory signaling. This action contributes to the sedative and calming effects commonly associated with alcohol consumption, as well as the impairments in motor coordination and judgment that can occur with higher levels of intoxication. The relationship between ethanol and GABA is particularly important in understanding the pharmacological effects of alcohol, such as anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) properties and sedation. Additionally, the interaction may also lead to tolerance and withdrawal symptoms in individuals who consume alcohol regularly. Therefore, considering these interactions provides a clearer understanding of how ethanol affects brain function and behavior through its influence on GABAergic activity.